REAL WORLD BODYBUILDING HISTORY.

SOLE MAN AGAINST U.S.S.R. POLITICAL POWER.

FIGHTS AGAINST BODYBUILDING PROHIBITION.

Fifty three years have passed since bodybuilding sport was prohibited and prosecuted in the U.S.S.R. and Socialist countries. Everybody keep silence as they have nothing to say. Yes, in 1973 most bodybuilders left the sport. Somebody went to weightlifting. Somebody went on with bodybuilding illegally. But – who dared to make real steps to fight with prohibition of bodybuilding by political powers? The only one and it was DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS. It is the right time to speak about this. We will tell the full story in the nearest future. We will cover the facts, we will present documents and we will make conclusions. Sure – the false „heroes“ will not like this.

SOLE MAN AGAINST U.S.S.R. POLITICAL POWER.

We will speak about the period of time afrer bodybuilding prohibition – after 1973. Topics of the article are:

-        Personalities of bodybuilding

-        Meetings of DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS at Ministry of Sport of the Č.S.S.R.

-        Meeting of DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS with Minister Sport of Lithuanian SSR

-        Discussions of DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS with U.S.S.R. press

-        Petition of DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS to U.S.S.R. Communist Party Central Committee in Moscow

-        Results, followers.

SOCIALIST BODYBUILDING PERSONALITIES.
SITUATION IN THE WORLD AND IN SOCIALISM.
In 1970, in Belgrade (Yugoslavia), the general secretary of F.I.H.C. (F.I.H., Fédération Internationale Haltérophile, later F.I.H.C., Fédération Internationale Haltérophile et Culturisme, and later I.W.F., International Weightlifting Federation), the British Oskar State, established the sports federation I.F.B.B. (International Federation of Body Builders). Until then, I.F.B.B. was a private commercial company, having nothing to do with official sport. Oskar State also organized the membership of the new I.F.B.B. federation in the international G.A.I.S.F. (Global Association of International Sports Federations). After more than twenty years of F.I.H.C. managing bodybuilding globally, since 1971, the I.F.B.B. federation began to lead world bodybuilding.
SOCIALIST BODYBUILDING PERSONALITIES.
Among the personalities of early socialist world bodybuilding in the U.S.S.R. were representatives from the R.S.F.S.R.: Genadij Baldin (Геннадий Балдин), Roman Moroz (Роман Мороз), Vladimir Dubinin (Владимир Дубинин). From Lithuanian S.S.R., they were Vytautas Zumeris, Valerijus Koreškovas (Валерий Корешков) — after the ban on bodybuilding, some chose heavy athletics, some completely left sports, and Vladimir Dubinin, after his loss in the 1974 international tournament “Georg Tenno Memorial” (“Georgo Tenno memorialas”, «Мемориал Георга Тенно», 1971–2025), left bodybuilding for thirteen years and did not interact with anyone from the bodybuilding world.
Later, after the coup in Lithuanian S.S.R. organized in 1973, when Juozas Jusevičius was unfairly removed from leadership, the leadership of Lithuanian S.S.R. bodybuilding was taken over for decades by Romanas Kalinauskas, who organized the coup, along with his irreplaceable assistants from Kaunas: Aleksandras Novikovas and Ramutis Kairaitis.
After the ban on sports in Klaipėda, bodybuilding took its original path. There was no one to follow. The former city bodybuilding leader, Antanas Jonuskutis, left Klaipėda, and those bodybuilders who wanted to continue training scattered to the basements of residential buildings.
Already in 1973, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras organized competitions of the remaining city bodybuilders in the old abandoned Klaipėda prison basement, and in 1974, he held the “underground” “Amber Prix” (Amber Prix International, “Gintarinis prizas”, «Янтарный приз», 1968–2026) tournament in a bomb shelter at the Klaipėda sea trade port. In 1975, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras secretly organized the “Amber Prix” again in one of Klaipėda’s secondary schools, and in 1976, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras held a public tournament with spectators in the Telšiai Culture House. Regardless of the ban on bodybuilding, in 1977, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras organized two public tournaments, including the “Amber Prix,” in the Klaipėda sea trade port cultural center. The halls were packed with spectators.
Similar events took place in other cities of Lithuanian S.S.R. and other Soviet Republics. Everyone was afraid of persecution and acted secretly. During the bodybuilding ban period, in the capital of Lithuanian S.S.R., under the cover of the sports society “Dinamo,” the “Vilnius Bodybuilding School” operated; however, during this period, it did not develop active work—it aimed to wait for better times. The school was led by Ceslav Tamulevic (Чеслав Тамулевич, 1945–2023) and Vitalij Asovskij (Виталий Асовский, 1952–2026).
During the bodybuilding ban years, there were no active organizers in Latvian S.S.R.
In Estonian S.S.R., Innar Mardo (1945–2002) managed to convince his government that, based on the traditions of past strongmen and wrestlers, bodybuilding was a “national sport.” Innar Mardo’s ideas found support in the government.
And that was all—there were no other prominent bodybuilding figures -  organizers in the U.S.S.R. at that time.
In 1975, bodybuilding in the Czechoslovakian S.S.R. was led by Vojtech Fiala. Thanks to personal connections, Vojtech Fiala organized the Czechoslovakian S.S.R. delegation’s trip to the I.F.B.B. European Championship, where Petr Stach became the Overall winner. This was a fantastic event during the period of the bodybuilding ban. In the same year, 1975, Dr. Edmundas Daubaras, while exchanging students at universities, worked in Prague, where he met Vojtech Fiala. The Czechs actively engaged Dr. Edmundas Daubaras, as he was the only Soviet bodybuilder to visit their country after the bodybuilding ban. In order to strengthen their position in the eyes of their political authorities, the Czechs demonstrated their “strong” ties with the Soviet Union through relations with Dr. Edmundas Daubaras. At the same time, in order to find out about the state of bodybuilding in the U.S.S.R., the leaders of Czechoslovakian S.S.R. bodybuilding wrote a letter to the before mentioned Genadij Baldin. Genadij Baldin explained that he was no longer involved in bodybuilding, as bodybuilding was disbanded and was under persecution. He wrote that only some individual organizers continued bodybuilding activities in the Baltic countries.

IMPORTANT 1975. MEETINGS AT SPORT MINISTRY.

In 1975 basing on the exchange of the University students DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS went to Czechoslovakia for two months. In Prague DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS met VOJTECH FIALA. During the following two months their meetings were often. Both had enough time to speak over the International bodybuilding situation. VOJTECH FIALA organized a visit to PETR STACH who was living close to Prague. PETR STACH told about the Europe Championship and explained DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS about his training systems and posed in front of him.

At the same time VOJTECH FIALA organized the meeting of DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS with the Chairmen of the Ministry of sport of the Czechoslovakian SSR (Č.S.T.V., Československy Svaz Telesne Vychovy). Questions of the situation around bodybuilding was spoken over.

1977 MEETINGS AT SPORT MINISTRY.

In 1977 still as a student of Vilnius State University DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS for two months went to Czechoslovakia again. Again working on the future cooperation between the U.S.S.R. and Czechoslovakian SSR bodybuilders DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS and VOJTECH FIALA visited the Ministry of Sport of  Czechoslovakian SSR. For the discussion meetings with the Chairmen of the Ministry were organized. In 1977 Czechoslovakian bodybuilding Federation had a room at the Ministry. Secretary of the federation was a famous bodybuilder PETER TLAPAK. He presented the headquarters of the federation, discussed the situation and posed in front of DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS.

VOJTECH FIALA for DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS organized a trip to a mountain resort where Czechoslovakia bodybuilders under support of the Government were preparing for the coming World Championship. DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS discussed various questions with athletes and trainers.

Also VOJTECH FIALA invited DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS to two meetings of the Czechoslovakia Bodybuilding Federation Council. The meetings were held by Professor FRANTISEK BULVA in the city of Brno. Under the requests of the participants DSc. EDMUNDAS DAUBARAS spoke on bodybuilding situation ion the U.S.S.R. and in Lithuania SSR.

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The “Amber Prize” Tournament. The book.

The “Amber Prix” (“Amber Prix International”, «Янтарный приз», 1968–2026) tournament is a living reflection of history, recalling a time when it was an important part of the Socialist world of sport, and today it unites the global bodybuilding community.

According to long-standing sporting traditions, among international competitions the “Amber Prix” ranks third in terms of continuity and historical significance—after N.A.B.B.A. (National Amateur Body Building Association) Mr. Universe (held since 1950) and JOE WEIDER’S Mr. Olympia (held since 1965).

Over the decades, athletes from many countries who have participated in this tournament take pride in their “Amber Prix” achievements, considering them among the most significant in their sporting careers.

As the tournament approaches its 60-th anniversary, a book is being prepared and will be presented to participants and guests of the 2027 event. Preparatory work on the publication is already underway.

Significant Events in the History of the “Amber Prize”

In the international history of the “Amber Prize,” several particularly important moments stand out:

The rise and the first tournaments – the initial stage during which the competition’s traditions were formed. 1973: the ban and persecution of bodybuilding – a difficult period for the sport. 1973–1978: illegal competitions organized by Dr. Edmundas Daubaras – a stage crucial for the survival of bodybuilding. Dr. Edmundas Daubaras’ struggle with the authorities against the ban on bodybuilding. Dr. Edmundas Daubaras’ petition to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the U.S.S.R. in Moscow, defending the legitimacy of bodybuilding. 1989–1991: Dr. Edmundas Daubaras’ struggle for independence in Lithuanian sport, carried out in the context of the “Amber Prize.” 2007: the 40-th anniversary of the tournament – the Parliament of the Republic of Lithuania voted to fund the event from the state budget. 2011: recognition by the Vatican – a high evaluation of Dr. Edmundas Daubaras’ activities during the period of the bodybuilding ban. 2017: the 50-th anniversary of the tournament – a report about the event was broadcast by the global CNN television network. Since 2010, the “Amber Prize” logo has been used in competitions in Europe, Asia and South America.

More information is on International site www.wff.lt

WORLD BODYBUILDING ENCYCLOPEDIA

WORLD’S OLDEST TRADITIONAL BODYBUILDING CONTESTS

Looking through the years and evaluating the status, significance, and historical value of competitions, three of the world’s oldest traditional bodybuilding contests that are still held today can be distinguished:

Nr. 1 – N.A.B.B.A. Universe

Organizer: National Amateur Body-Builders' Association (N.A.B.B.A.) Location: United Kingdom Established: 1950 First Overall Winner: Steve Reeves (USA)

Nr. 2 – Mr. Olympia

Founder: Joe Weider Location: United States Established: 1965 First Overall Winner: Larry Scott (USA)

Nr. 3 – Amber Prix International (“Amber Prize”)

Organizer: World Fitness Federation / World Bodybuilding Federation Location: Lithuania Established: 1968 First Overall Winner: Leonas Pivoriūnas (Lithuania)

Remark

These competitions are considered the oldest traditional bodybuilding contests due to their historical continuity, international recognition, and significant contribution to the development of bodybuilding worldwide.

More information is on International Site www.wff.lt

World Bodybuilding History. BOB HOFFMAN – “FATHER OF WORLD WEIGHTLIFTING”.

Bob Hoffman, known during his lifetime and still often referred to as the “Father of World Weightlifting,” driven by the idea of creating and building a “Muscle Empire,” which he turned into a sport officially recognized throughout the world, Bob Hoffman (Robert Collins Hoffman, 1898–1985) was born in the State of Georgia, USA.

At the age of eighteen, he participated in the First World War. During the war, Bob Hoffman was awarded several times for bravery. In 1919, he ended his military service. Speaking about sport, Bob Hoffman stated: “We didn’t get into this business to make money; we got into it to build a stronger and healthier America.”

In 1920, Bob Hoffman entered the oil business, from which he withdrew in 1938. He created his sports empire with the money he had earned from the oil business.

In 1922, Bob Hoffman began publishing the magazine Strength and Health, and in 1932 the magazine Muscular Development. He called his publications “a magazine for real men” and “the family health magazine.”

The exceptional athletic talent of John Grimek and Bob Hoffman’s enormous efforts concentrated the attention of the sports world on York. People eagerly bought bodybuilding magazines featuring photographs of John Grimek and descriptions of his training and went to train in gyms. Bob Hoffman and John Grimek became very close friends, and this friendship lasted until Bob Hoffman’s death.

In 1924, Bob Hoffman organized the first weightlifting competitions in America. In 1940, the York Club team, led by Bob Hoffman, took all first places at the U.S. national weightlifting championships.

Between 1936 and 1968, Bob Hoffman was the official coach of the U.S. Olympic weightlifting team. This period is regarded by many specialists in the history of weightlifting as the “Golden Age” of American weightlifting.

In 1930, Bob Hoffman became involved in the activities of the A.A.U. (Amateur Athletic Union). Sports historians unanimously recognize that from the 1930s until the 1980s, the main center of American weightlifting and bodybuilding was Bob Hoffman’s “York Barbell Company,” founded in the State of Pennsylvania, and the sports club of the same name, the “York Barbell Club.”

Beginning with the 1932 Olympic Games, Bob Hoffman worked extensively for and served the U.S. national weightlifting team. From 1948 to 1968, he was the coach of the U.S. national weightlifting team, while his sports club’s athletes won the U.S. weightlifting championship team trophy forty-eight times.

Jim Murray, who for many years worked as an editor for the magazines of Bob Hoffman and Joe Weider, recalls Bob Hoffman introducing himself: “Hello, my name is Bob Hoffman. I’m the coach of the U.S. Olympic team, and I just might be the world’s healthiest man.”

Among other products, Bob Hoffman’s company manufactured barbells and dumbbells, which he sold according to a model devised back in 1902 by Alan Calvert, the owner of the “Milo Barbell Company.” Bob Hoffman purchased Alan Calvert’s company in 1924.

It was precisely through the activities of his company that, throughout all those years, Bob Hoffman sought to involve Americans in health and physical education activities. He stated that “the success of every American’s life is achieved through physical development of the body.” For millions of people, Bob Hoffman turned American York into a true “Mecca for lifters everywhere.”

Sometimes new, non-standard activities were introduced to the public. John Figarelli wrote that in 1962 Bob Hoffman introduced people to isometric training, which required little time and effort to achieve results.

Bob Hoffman was the first to begin the business of selling exercise equipment and nutritional supplements. The press called him a “living pioneer of the health food industry.”

Throughout his entire period of activity, Bob Hoffman was a leader in the production and sale of health and sports products. He gathered promising American athletes, provided them with jobs in his companies, and prepared them for national and international weightlifting and bodybuilding competitions.

Among these athletes were John Grimek, Steve Stanko, John Davis, John Terpak, Tony Terlazzo, John Terry, Dick Bachtell, Yas Kazuhara, Jim Park, and Jules Bacon.

One of Bob Hoffman’s followers was also Sigmund Klein. Some of Bob Hoffman’s famous athletes, such as John Grimek, Steve Stanko, and Tommy Kono, were simultaneously successful weightlifters and bodybuilders.

Bob Hoffman believed that it was possible to lift enormous weights and at the same time be a good bodybuilder and look good. Time showed that he was mistaken.

Having himself been an athlete, Bob Hoffman throughout his life won and was presented with more than six hundred various prizes and awards.

In 1961, Bob Hoffman was officially received at the White House, where, during an official meeting, he inducted U.S. President John Fitzgerald Robert Kennedy (1917–1963) as an honorary member of the A.A.U.

In 1969, together with Congressman George Atlee Goodling, Bob Hoffman was officially received at the White House for the second time, where he met with U.S. President Richard Milhous Nixon (1913–1994).

Bob Hoffman was a supporter of U.S. President Richard Nixon and, together with athletes, participated in the president’s election campaign. He published a monthly sports publication, Activity Report, and regularly provided it to the President of the country and many members of the U.S. Congress.

In 1970, President Richard Nixon appointed Bob Hoffman as his adviser on physical fitness matters, while Bob Hoffman himself referred to himself as the “Father of Physical Fitness.”

Famous for his philanthropic activities, Bob Hoffman supported various sports competitions and various educational institutions. During the 1970s, he appeared on various U.S. television programs and was frequently written about in the American press. Throughout his life, Bob Hoffman published a number of popular books.

The world press frequently carried information about the fierce competition in bodybuilding and commerce between Bob Hoffman and the President of the I.F.B.B., Ben Weider.

Until 1970, when the I.F.B.B. took its decisive step at its founding congress in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, Bob Hoffman was the single most influential figure both in professional American bodybuilding and in the country’s physical culture.

Before that, Bob Hoffman had no competitors in officially recognized bodybuilding because he represented an officially recognized sport. Bodybuilding was under the F.I.H.C. federation, which in turn was a member of the International Olympic Committee (I.O.C.).

In 1970, the situation changed. Following the founding congress held in Belgrade, Yugoslavia, the I.F.B.B. federation quickly became a member of G.A.I.S.F. (Global Association of International Sports Federations), and in this way closed the way to official recognition for other international federations for several decades.

Bob Hoffman publicly expressed his outrage at this injustice, all the more because Oscar State, Secretary General of the World Weightlifting Federation, who through his personal assistance to I.F.B.B. President Ben Weider played a decisive role in Belgrade, had for many years been his close colleague in weightlifting activities.

Bob Hoffman stated that “IFBB is not a democratic organization because it does not allow its athletes to participate in A.A.U. competitions.”

At the same time, also angered by Oscar State’s cooperation with the Weider brothers, in Europe an authoritative continental bodybuilding leader, called the “anti-Weider Crusade,” the Englishman Oscar Heidenstam, adopted a strict anti-Weider position.

Seeking to calm the passions, Ben Weider came up with the idea that the I.F.B.B. could become a member of the A.A.U. Thus, in 1972, Ben Weider registered as a participant in the A.A.U. congress held in the State of Kansas.

The congress discussed the legitimacy of the I.F.B.B.’s membership in the G.A.I.S.F. organization. A number of well-known sports personalities were outraged by the Weiders’ actions and threatened to protest against the I.F.B.B.’s membership in G.A.I.S.F.

It is not surprising that at that time the A.A.U. congress did not support Ben Weider’s initiative, which was supported by only two congress participants. The I.F.B.B. was not admitted to the A.A.U., and Oscar Heidenstam was especially pleased about this.

The ideology of both Ben Weider and Bob Hoffman was the same – it was a synthesis of personal ego, sport, and business.

Ben Weider was more energetic, and therefore he managed to overtake the A.A.U. According to Oscar Heidenstam, Ben Weider significantly overtook Bob Hoffman through aggressive bodybuilding magazine publishing and magazine distribution.

Oscar Heidenstam regarded the I.F.B.B.’s membership in the G.A.I.S.F. organization as a great mistake (“it was a terrible mistake”) and expected a stronger protest from Bob Hoffman.

Of course, Bob Hoffman was also dissatisfied. He wrote that through membership in the G.A.I.S.F. organization, “the Weiders, who for many years had been engaged in publishing pornography, seek only material benefit” (“Weiders who for many years had been ‘publishing pornographic magazines’ were only interested in money...” ).

The opposition to the Weider brothers failed.

After almost five decades of dominating bodybuilding, Bob Hoffman had to give way to the Weider brothers. For Bob Hoffman, this was a real tragedy of his life.

Nida Welcomes Young Sports Talents from Around the World – 27th Fit-Kid World Championship.

From October 24 to 26, Nida will become an international center of children’s sport. The 27th Fit-Kid World Championship will take place in this Lithuanian seaside resort, bringing together young athletes from various countries. For three days, the stage of the Agila Cultural Centre in Nida will belong to children who will showcase their physical fitness, sporting skills and stage performance in an international competition.

This year’s championship is being held as part of the 37th World Amateur and Professional Championships of the WFF-WBBF Federation. It is one of the federation’s major annual events, bringing together athletes, coaches and sports professionals from different countries. For young Fit-Kid participants, the championship is an opportunity to demonstrate their abilities on an international stage and compete for World Championship titles.

Sport, Discipline and Stage Performance

Fit-Kid is a children’s sports discipline in which success is based on more than just one physical quality. Competitors demonstrate strength, flexibility, coordination, posture, movement technique, physical fitness and the ability to perform confidently on stage.

Every performance is therefore not only a sporting challenge, but also a carefully prepared presentation. Young athletes have the opportunity to demonstrate what they have achieved through training, how well they can control their bodies and how they perform under the pressure of competition.

Behind every performance lies a long journey – regular training, the work of coaches, family support and the athlete’s own determination. International competitions give children valuable experience, teach them to pursue their goals and help them understand that both victories and defeats are an important part of the sporting journey.

27 Years of Fit-Kid World Championship Tradition

This year marks the 27th Fit-Kid World Championship. Over more than two decades, this children’s sports discipline has developed into an international event bringing together young athletes from different countries and sporting backgrounds.

The World Championship is about more than competing for medals. It is also an international meeting place for young athletes, where new friendships are formed, experience is exchanged and the next generation takes its first steps onto the international sporting stage.

The World Championship Comes to Nida

This year, Nida will host the championship. Usually associated with the Baltic Sea, dunes and summer holidays, the Lithuanian resort will become an international meeting point for young athletes for several days in October.

From October 24 to 26, the Agila Cultural Centre in Nida will welcome athletes representing different countries as they compete for the highest honours. Spectators will have the opportunity to witness first-hand how much dedication, determination and preparation stand behind every young athlete’s performance.

The 27th Fit-Kid World Championship is an event where results are only part of the story. It is an opportunity for children to experience the atmosphere of international competition, test themselves against some of the strongest athletes in their age groups and take another important step in their sporting development.

Nida is ready to welcome young sports talents from around the world.

More information about the 27th Fit-Kid World Championship, the competition programme and WFF-WBBF Federation events is available on the international websites www.wff.lt and www.worldfitness.lt.